1. Which one among the following phenomena includes processes, such as production, predation, nutrient transformation and the influx and efflux of energy and materials? [UPSC CAPF 2011]

(a) Ecological function
(b) Ecosystem function
(c) Ecosystem structure
(d) Biogeochemical cycles

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Ecosystem function 

2. Which one of the following sites does not have coral reef formation?

(a) Gulf of Cambay/Khambhat
(b) Gulf of Mannar
(c) Lakshadweep
(d) Andaman and Nicobar Islands

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Gulf of Cambay/Khambhat 

3. Free swimming macroscopic animals in an aquatic environment are referred to as

(a) Plankton
(b) Periphyton
(c) Benthos
(d) Nekton

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Nekton 

4. The term Biomagnifications is referred to as

(a) increase in the body weight
(b) uncontrolled growth of harmful organisms
(c) accumulation of increasing amount of non-degradable pollutant through food chain
(d) increase in the number of bacteria in a culture medium

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Accumulation of increasing amount of non-degradable pollutant through food chain [/bg_collapse

5. NPP (Net Primary Productivity) is highest for

(a) Tropical forests
(b) Swamps
(c) Reefs
(d) Woodland and shrub land

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Swamps 

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